Production Process of Industrial Profile Extrusion

Industrial aluminum profile, alias: industrial aluminum extrusion material, industrial aluminum alloy profile, industrial aluminum profile is an alloy material with aluminum as the main component. The proportion of the added alloy is different, and the mechanical properties and application fields of the industrial aluminum profiles produced are also different. Fields of application Generally speaking, industrial aluminum profiles refer to all aluminum profiles except for building doors and windows, curtain walls, interior and exterior decoration and aluminum profiles for building structures.

Selection of raw materials

Industrial aluminum profile is an industrial frame profile obtained by heating aluminum rods and extruding through a die, while aluminum rods are made by melting and casting aluminum ingots, which are called industrial aluminum profile raw materials; and raw materials will directly affect the industry. Aluminum profile product performance.

The production of aluminum rods requires high technical requirements and industry standards to ensure the product performance of industrial aluminum profiles; the following points should be noted in the production of aluminum rods:

①: Content of active impurities;

②: alloy composition;

③: Melt overheating temperature;

④: Diversion mode;

⑤: The melt moves relative to the crystal plane;

⑥: Cooling speed;

⑦: Speed of casting 6063 aluminum rod

Aluminum rod heating

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The heat treatment of aluminum rods should ensure the control of temperature, extrusion outlet temperature, online quenching temperature and so on.

Mold design

The industrial aluminum profile is the final product that the aluminum bar is heated and extruded through the die, and the die is an appliance with high-precision specifications designed according to the demand, which is used to extrude the profile product of the required specification and cross-section; the design of the die And maintenance should pay attention to the following points:

① The structure involved in the mold must first meet the production requirements, but also meet the common sense of physical mechanics to ensure that the produced products can achieve the performance used.

②The material selection and hardness of the mold should be appropriate to avoid deformation, scratches and other hard injuries during the extrusion process, which will affect the quality of the final product.

③ The mold should be cleaned and inspected frequently, and if there is any problem, it should be repaired in time to avoid scratches, burrs and other hard injuries during the extrusion production process, which will seriously affect the quality of industrial aluminum products.

Industrial aluminum extrusion

Factors to pay attention to in the extrusion process of industrial aluminum profiles:

①Temperature control: For extrusion production, extrusion temperature is the most basic and critical process factor. Extrusion temperature has a great impact on product quality, production efficiency, die life, energy consumption, etc.

②Extrusion speed: The extrusion speed must be carefully controlled during the extrusion process. The extrusion speed has an important influence on the thermal effect of deformation, the uniformity of deformation, the recrystallization and solid solution process, the mechanical properties of the product and the surface quality of the product.

③On-machine quenching: 6063-T5 quenching is to keep the Mg2Si solid dissolved in the base metal at high temperature out of the die hole and rapidly cooled to room temperature. The cooling rate is often proportional to the strengthening phase content. The minimum cooling rate that 6063 alloy can be strengthened is 38°C/min, so it is suitable for air-cooled quenching. Changing the fan and fan revolutions can change the cooling intensity, so that the temperature of the product before tension straightening drops below 60°C.

Straightening and correction of industrial aluminum profiles

There will be a certain deviation after the industrial aluminum profile is extruded. After forming, a straightening machine should be used for straightening correction. The industrial aluminum profile that has just been extruded is corrected within the required tolerance range. Straight machine to complete, to ensure its accuracy.

Artificial aging

The aluminum profiles produced by extrusion have low hardness before aging and cannot be used as finished products. Therefore, in general, aging must be used to improve the strength.

Control of production process:

①Ingot temperature control: The temperature of the ingot should be measured before extrusion on the machine, and it can be produced on the machine after the process requirements are met.

②On-line quenching process: Solution quenching is the basic premise of aging, without solution quenching aging is meaningless. Therefore, the online quenching process (air quenching, air-mist quenching, water quenching, etc.) should be selected according to the ingot grade, profile wall thickness, extrusion speed and quenching equipment conditions at the discharge port of the extruder to ensure the quenching cooling speed. Meets the alloy's quench sensitivity requirements.

③ Setting and control of aging furnace temperature: Usually, there is a certain error between the aging furnace temperature and the displayed temperature of the aging furnace. When setting the surface temperature, it should be set according to the actual temperature of the furnace, and pay close attention to the fluctuation of the aging furnace temperature. Happening.

④Aging insulation: Aging should be carried out in strict accordance with the process requirements, and the insulation time should be appropriate to prevent insufficient hardness due to under-aging or over-aging.

Billet framing and furnace loading:

① The extrusion frame should not be too dense, and there should be a gap between the materials, especially the small and thick materials that are not ventilated. Putting it down is conducive to the aging circulation air supply.

②Before charging, the 6063 special alloy and the ordinary 6063 alloy should be separately charged for aging. For production reasons, if it is really necessary to be aged in the same furnace, the process of special alloy should be used for aging.

Sandblasting + oxidation treatment process

After the industrial aluminum profile is extruded, the surface will have obvious stretch marks, and the surface micropores are relatively large and relatively rough. It must be sandblasted. The impact of the emery during the sandblasting process will cause the surface layer of the aluminum profile. The change of microstructure, along with the crystal slip during plastic deformation, leads to the increase of the dislocation density in the subgrain, and the surface of the profile becomes smoother.

The surface treatment of industrial aluminum profiles goes through the following steps:

①Surface blasting treatment;

② Surface pretreatment;

③Degreasing process of industrial aluminum profiles;

④Acid etching process of industrial aluminum profiles;

⑤Alkaline etching process of industrial aluminum profiles;

⑥ Neutralization process;

⑦ Oxidation process of industrial aluminum profiles;

⑧ Industrial aluminum profile sealing process;

At present, many industrial aluminum profiles on the market have reduced the surface oxidation treatment process of industrial aluminum profiles in order to reduce costs. The silver white oxidation treatment method is directly used, and the surface is bright silver. Standard coating 10μ-12μ).

Due to the high quality requirements of industrial aluminum products and the overall aesthetics of the appearance, the requirements for later packaging are very strict. The overall packaging process is divided into the following categories:

①The surface of the profile is filmed to avoid scratches.

② pearl cotton wrapping;

③The outermost layer is wrapped with a layer of kraft paper to avoid scratching by hard objects;

Operation requirements for aging and framing of industrial aluminum profiles

1. When the hoisting material is put into the furnace, the end of the aluminum profile and the air guide should be controlled within 80-100mm.

2. The thermal insulation curtain wall aluminum profiles and thermal insulation point window profiles must be aged in the same aging furnace. The temperature in the furnace is contained within the range of 180°C ± 3°C. After reaching the temperature, the temperature is kept for 3 hours before the furnace is released, and the fan is turned on for 20 minutes immediately after the furnace is released. Cooling, the quality inspector inspects the hardness;

3. It is not allowed to mix thermal insulation profiles and ordinary profiles in the confrontation frame.

4. The aluminum profiles of the thermal insulation curtain wall must be divided and installed in the frame.

5. For small materials with wall thickness ≥2mm, 80mm ventilation channels must be left at both ends of each frame.

6. If the aging insulation profile is not like the furnace, put about 1-2 frames of mediocre profiles (the wall thickness is below 2.0mm)

7. Ordinary curtain wall profiles and ordinary door and window profiles must be aged in the same aging furnace. The temperature in the furnace is controlled within the range of 195°C ± 5°C. After reaching the temperature, the temperature is kept for 3 hours. Inspector exam hardness.

8. Flat molds with wall thickness ≥4mm are not allowed to be stacked (only 1 per layer is allowed).

9. When the temperature in the furnace reaches the required temperature, the aging worker uses a glass tube thermometer to measure the experimental temperature in the furnace every 30 minutes, and make original records.

10. Common curtain wall aluminum profiles, common door and window profiles, and building profiles must be installed separately in the counterweight frame.